Injury. 2025 Mar 17;56(6):112081. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2024.112081. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: diabetic Wound is one of the most common complications throughout the world. .This experiment was conducted in order to study the effects of vitamin k cream on repair of full thickness wound in diabetic rat.

METHODS: 75 adult Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups of equal numbers; each group consists of 15 animals. After diabetes induction, full thickness wound in the shape of 2.25 CM2 square was created on the back of the rats. Group one was not treated and served as control. The woud areas in the second, third and fourth groups were covered twice a day with phenytoin (PHT) cream,0.05 and 1 % vitamin k creams, respectively. Group five treated with eucerin(vichel group) The size of wound area were measured in the 1, 4, 7, 10, 14, 18 and 21 days after wound induction. and histopathological observation and tissue parameters (hydroxyprolin(HP), collagen, glutation(GSH), malondialdeid (MDA), superoxiddesmutase(SOD), glutation peroxidase(GPX), catalase(CAT),tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interlukin 1 bata(IL-1β)) were analysed as onther indicators of wound healing on days of 7, 14 and 21.

RESULTS: the findings indicated that PHT and 1 % vitamin k creams significantly elevated HP and collagen in contrast with control group. furthermore, in all time points, the average wound size in PHT and 1 % vitamin k groups was significantly greater than other groups (P < 0.05). Also, PHT and vitamin K 1 % creams improved oxidative and inflammatory stress parameters at all times courses. Theses findings were confirmed by histological examination.

CONCLUSION: The findings showed that 1 % vitamin k creams have potential effects on wound healing. Vitamin K exerts this effect through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as stimulating collagen synthesis.

PMID:40187107 | DOI:10.1016/j.injury.2024.112081

Injury. 2025 Mar 30;56(6):112305. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2025.112305. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Traumatic spine injury (TSI) is a prevalent condition that often requires surgical intervention. Two serious infectious complications after surgery are surgical site infections (SSI) and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI). Yet, studies on SSI and LRTI on trauma patients, particularly with a specific focus on microbiology are lacking. The primary aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence rate of early SSI, occurring within one month of surgery or three months when instrumented, and LRTI in level-1 trauma center patients requiring surgery after TSI.

METHODS: This monocenter retrospective observational study was conducted at an academic level-1 trauma center, including patients with TSI requiring surgery. Data on patients' baseline characteristics, trauma related information, initial and intra-operative management, infectious complications data and hospitalization outcomes were collected. The two primary outcomes were the prevalence of early SSI and LRTI. Secondary outcomes included the identification of factors associated with developing these infections, analysis of identified organisms, and assessment of clinical outcomes.

RESULTS: A total of 2606 patients were screened between May 2018 and October 2022, 194 were included. Most of them were polytrauma patients defined by Injury Severity Score ≥ 16 (71 %). Early SSI occurred in 20 patients (10 %) and LRTI occurred in 58 patients (30 %). The number of vertebral levels instrumented (odds ratio [OR] 1.24, 95 % confidence interval [95 % CI] 1.01-1.52) was associated with SSI. The causative organisms were predominantly Gram-positive cocci (19/36 identified organisms). Factors associated with LRTI were an injury severity score ≥ 25 (OR 7.41; 95 % CI, 3.28-17.99), spinal injury at levels C3-C7 (OR 2.24; 95 % CI 1.01-5.14) and antibiotics during initial management (OR 7.09; 95 % CI, 2.71-20.49). The causative organisms were predominantly Gram-negative bacilli (58/80 identified organisms). Patients with LRTI experienced longer hospital stays, extended durations of mechanical ventilation, and higher mortality rates at 30 days and one year than those without.

CONCLUSION: Early SSI and LRTI are underestimated complications in severe trauma patients with TSI requiring surgery. Identifying risk factors and causative organisms is an important step for advancing research on targeted prevention and treatment of SSI and LRTI after trauma.

PMID:40187106 | DOI:10.1016/j.injury.2025.112305

Injury. 2025 Mar 25;56(6):112289. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2025.112289. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Martial arts participation appears to be increasing in the US, and along with benefits to health and wellbeing, the sport carries musculoskeletal and neurological injury risks which differ among disciplines. Evidence is limited regarding the burden of concussion injuries in many martial arts disciplines, particularly among female athletes and outside of competitions. The purposes were: 1) to characterize injury patterns over 2013-2022 for concussion injuries treated in emergency departments (ED) related to martial arts; and 2) to compare the number of concussions by mechanism, circumstance, sex and martial art discipline.

METHODS: This was a retrospective, epidemiological study of National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) data from patients who sought ED care for martial arts-related concussions (N = 581; 29.1 % female). Annual concussion case numbers compared over time and by sex using linear regression. Concussion case numbers were compared by major discipline (Karate, Jiu-Jitsu, Taekwondo, Mixed martial arts [MMA], kickboxing, Judo, and other forms) and sex. Mechanisms (fall, kicked, tackled/thrown, punched-hit-struck, weapon, unspecified) and circumstances (practice, competition) were compared by discipline and sex.

RESULTS: Regressions indicated that year or sex were significant contributors to annual concussion case numbers (both p>.05). The number of concussions was highest for Karate for males (p < .05). A greater proportion of cases occurred in males than females in MMA, Taekwondo, Jiu-Jitsu, and other forms (p = .031). Falls and being punched-hit-struck were the most commonly-documented mechanisms of concussion (23 % and 20 %, respectively). For females, more concussions were incurred during competition for Judo and Taekwondo than in other disciplines (p = .002). For males, more concussions occurred in class/practice with Judo and Karate than in other disciplines (p = .018). 96.4 % of cases were treated and released, and 3.1 % were hospitalized.

CONCLUSION: Since 2020, the concussion burden in martial arts has grown, particularly among males, which may be related to overall greater participation in the sport, especially karate and other forms. Prospective injury surveillance, better uptake of safety gear and implementation of skills risk into routine sport participation that minimize head injury, and careful documentation of injury circumstance could help advance martial arts safety.

PMID:40187105 | DOI:10.1016/j.injury.2025.112289

Injury. 2025 Mar 26;56(6):112283. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2025.112283. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

The meniscus, a critical load-bearing structure between the femur and the tibia, plays a key role in the functioning of the knee joint by distributing mechanical stress and minimizing friction. A brief overview of the anatomical characteristics and biomechanical functions of the meniscus is provided in this review, followed by a discussion of recent developments in tissue engineering scaffolds for meniscus repair over the past five years. The classification of scaffolds is based on the materials with an analysis of their respective advantages and limitations. The challenges associated with meniscal tissue engineering are summarized and potential research directions are proposed to guide the development of more effective regenerative strategies.

PMID:40184758 | DOI:10.1016/j.injury.2025.112283

J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2025 Apr 4. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.24.01226. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: High body mass index (BMI) is a risk factor for tibial baseplate loosening following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) but may not adequately correlate with stresses at the tibial baseplate. In this study, we aimed to determine an optimal cutoff of a weight-to-tibial baseplate surface-area ratio (weight/SA) for predicting aseptic tibial baseplate loosening. We further examined whether tibial stem extensions have a protective effect.

METHODS: We identified 16,368 patients who underwent primary, elective TKA from June 2011 to March 2023. Patient demographics, including age, sex, and race, implants used, and revision surgeries were extracted. Revisions were manually reviewed to confirm revision indications. The exact surface areas of tibial baseplates were obtained from manufacturers. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis of patients without tibial stem extensions was utilized to examine the utility of BMI and weight/SA for predicting aseptic tibial baseplate loosening. Optimal weight/SA and BMI cutoffs for predicting loosening were determined. The effect of tibial stem extensions on loosening was then examined in patients at or above (n = 7,698; 3.7% with stem extension) and below (n = 8,670; 1.3% with stem extension) the determined weight/SA cutoff.

RESULTS: There were 16,368 patients in the final sample (median age, 67 years; 68.9% female; 54.1% White). Weight/SA (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.653; p < 0.001) was a better predictor of aseptic tibial baseplate loosening requiring revision compared with patient BMI (AUC = 0.624; p < 0.001). The optimal weight/SA cutoff for predicting loosening was 0.0162 kg/mm2 (sensitivity = 0.747, specificity = 0.537). Multivariable logistic regression demonstrated that being at or above the weight/SA cutoff (odds ratio [OR] = 3.17; p < 0.001) but not the BMI cutoff (p = 0.911) was a significant predictor of revision for tibial baseplate loosening in patients without stem extensions. No cases of revision for aseptic tibial baseplate loosening in patients with stem extensions occurred either at or above or below the cutoff. The rate of revision for aseptic tibial baseplate loosening in patients without stem extensions was 0.3% for patients below and 1.0% for patients at or above the weight/SA cutoff.

CONCLUSIONS: The ratio of weight-to-tibial baseplate surface area was more predictive of revision for aseptic tibial baseplate loosening following TKA compared with BMI alone. For patients with obesity with small tibial baseplate sizes, utilization of a tibial stem extension may protect against tibial loosening.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

PMID:40184472 | DOI:10.2106/JBJS.24.01226

Int Orthop. 2025 Apr 4. doi: 10.1007/s00264-025-06513-4. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: This study investigated the relationship between BMI and microorganism profiles, with a particular focus on gut microorganisms in patients with PJI following total hip arthroplasty (THA). It also explored comorbidities, that may contribute to these variations.

METHODS: This study included all patients treated at our institution for a PJI of a THA between 1996 and 2021. Patients were categorized into four distinct BMI groups: <30; 30-34.9; 35-39.9; ≥ 40. Bivariate and logistic regression analysis were conducted, with presentation of odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).

RESULTS: A total of 3645 hip PJI cases were recruited for the final analysis. Patients with a BMI ≥ 40 had approximately a ten fold higher risk for Streptococcus dysgalactiae (p < 0.001; OR = 9.92; 95% CI 3.87-25.44) and a seven fold higher risk for Proteus mirabilis (p < 0.001; OR = 7.43; 95% CI 3.13-17.67) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (p < 0.001; OR = 6.9; 95% CI 2.47-19.31). Furthermore, polymicrobial infections (p < 0.001; OR = 2.17; 95% CI 1.50-3.15) were found to be significantly more prevalent in patients with a BMI ≥ 40.

CONCLUSION: Obese patients (BMI ≥ 30) displayed a distinct microorganism profile in hip PJIs, mainly dominated by Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. Comorbidities such as diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidaemia may contribute to a leaky gut syndrome, increasing PJI risk caused by gut microorganisms. Optimizing comorbidities may help reduce the risk of hip PJI. Further research is needed to clarify the relationship between obesity, gut microbiome alterations and hip PJI development.

PMID:40183945 | DOI:10.1007/s00264-025-06513-4

J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2025 Apr 3. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.24.00224. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Directed growth modulation is commonly utilized as a surgical treatment for early-onset scoliosis. Growing rods are instrumented on the spine and apply sustained tension on the immature spine for a substantial amount of time, with the clinical goal of accommodating axial expansion of the spine. Despite the use of growing rods in humans, the mechanobiology of the spinal tissues under tensile loading remains relatively unknown. To bridge this knowledge gap, we developed a preclinical mouse model that allows for mechanistic investigations of sustained tension on the spine.

METHODS: Using custom 3D-printed washers and tunable springs, we distracted across the seventh and ninth caudal vertebrae of adolescent and young adult C57BL/6 female mice with forces that were approximately 2 times the body mass of the animal. The springs were replaced weekly to maintain tension for the duration of the experiment. A set of 6-week-old animals were first instrumented for 10 weeks to evaluate the feasibility and tolerability. Subsequently, the 6- and 12-week-old experimental animals were instrumented until they were 20 weeks of age in order to evaluate the effects of tension until adulthood. The spines were monitored using digital radiography and micro-computed tomography (µCT), and the intervertebral discs (IVDs) were evaluated using mechanical testing and compositional assays.

RESULTS: The device was well tolerated and caused no notable complications. The tensile forces lengthened the vertebrae in the 6-week-old animals that were instrumented for 14 weeks and in the 12-week-old animals that were instrumented for 8 weeks. Increased IVD heights were observed in the 6-week-old animals but not in the 12-week-old animals. The porosity of the vertebral end plates increased following instrumentation in all groups but progressively recovered over time.

CONCLUSIONS: Distraction accelerated the lengthening of the vertebrae and the heightening of the IVD, with no observable degeneration or decline in the mechanical performance of the IVDs for these distraction conditions.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This model will be useful for investigating how spinal tissues adapt to directed growth modulation with maturation and aging.

PMID:40179155 | DOI:10.2106/JBJS.24.00224

Int Orthop. 2025 Apr 3. doi: 10.1007/s00264-025-06430-6. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Standard recommendations for fast-track hip arthroplasty suggest using 8-10 mg of dexamethasone to reduce opioid consumption, with potential benefits of higher doses but scarce data on glycaemic control and complications. This study compares the effects of higher doses versus the standard doses on postoperative opioid consumption, and secondarily, numerical pain scale, glycaemic control, hospital length of stay and postoperative complications.

METHODS: Retrospective cohort study of patients scheduled for FAST-TRACK primary hip arthroplasty between 2016 and 2021. Propensity score-matched analyses compared the standard dose group (4-8 mg) versus the high-dose group (16-24 mg).

RESULTS: 168 patients were included (56 with 4-8 mg, 112 with 16-24 mg). After one-to-one propensity score matching, 52 patients were included in the standard group and 52 in the high-dose group. After matching, the median [IQR] opioid consumption in the low-dose group was 10 [0-12] and in the high-dose group was 0 [0-10], with a 95% CI of -1 to 0 (p = 0.016). In the matched group, there was a median difference of 8 mg/dL (95% CI, -2 to 7, P < 0.05) in the immediate postoperative glycaemia, of 17 mg/dl (95% CI, -2 to 14, P < 0.05) in glycaemia at 24 h and of -1 day (95% CI, -1 to 0, P < 0.05) in hospital stay. No differences in the numerical pain scale and postoperative complications were found.

CONCLUSION: High-dose dexamethasone slightly increased perioperative glycaemia while reducing opioid consumption and shortening hospital length of stay.

PMID:40178624 | DOI:10.1007/s00264-025-06430-6

J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2025 Apr 2. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.24.01087. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The indications for unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) are restricted by multiple criteria. The aim of this study was to explore the functional results of UKA in a population of patients outside the classical criteria.

METHODS: This study included a population of 197 patients who underwent UKA for medial osteoarthritis between 2017 and 2020. Two groups of patients were compared: those meeting the classical criteria and those presenting with ≥1 contraindication (e.g., age of ≥75 years, body mass index [BMI] of ≥30 kg/m2, or coronal limb deformity of >8°). The implant that was used was a modern fixed-bearing primary medial UKA component. The minimal follow-up was 3 years. The primary outcome was the functional results, including the Knee Society Score (KSS), and the secondary outcomes were the complication and revision rates.

RESULTS: There were 100 patients in the indication group and 97 in the off-indication group. No significant differences were observed between the 2 groups for height, sex ratio, operated side, or osteoarthritis stage (p > 0.05). There was no significant difference in the KSS between the 2 groups (p = 0.96). At 3 years of follow-up, the survival rate without revision was 100% in the indication group and 95.38% in the off-indication group (p = 0.57). The rate of complications was 12.9% in the indication group and 8.96% in the off-indication group (p = 0.47).

CONCLUSIONS: UKA for medial osteoarthritis yielded the same functional results for patients presenting with ≥1 theoretical contraindication, including a BMI of ≥30 kg/m2, age of ≥75 years, and coronal limb deformity of >8°, without altering the complication or revision rates at 3 years of follow-up.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

PMID:40173264 | DOI:10.2106/JBJS.24.01087

J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2025 Apr 2. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.25.00089. Online ahead of print.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:40173251 | DOI:10.2106/JBJS.25.00089

J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2025 Apr 2;107(7):e31. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.24.01282. Epub 2025 Apr 2.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:40172568 | DOI:10.2106/JBJS.24.01282

J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2025 Apr 2;107(7):e30. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.24.01369. Epub 2025 Apr 2.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:40172567 | DOI:10.2106/JBJS.24.01369

J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2025 Apr 2;107(7):e29. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.25.00033. Epub 2025 Apr 2.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:40172566 | DOI:10.2106/JBJS.25.00033

J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2025 Apr 2;107(7):e28. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.24.01171. Epub 2025 Apr 2.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:40172565 | DOI:10.2106/JBJS.24.01171

J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2025 Apr 2;107(7):771-777. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.24.00850. Epub 2025 Feb 24.

ABSTRACT

➢ Physiologic changes during pregnancy alter the biomechanics of the spine, including increased ligamentous laxity, lumbar lordosis, and pelvic tilt.➢ Patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis treated with a fusion construct with the lowest instrumented vertebra of L3 and below have an increased risk of developing low back pain during pregnancy.➢ There is a low risk of curve progression during pregnancy for patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis treated with spinal fusion.➢ Although neuraxial anesthesia is possible in patients who had previously undergone spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, successful placement may require a more experienced provider and more attempts to place the epidural.

PMID:40172564 | DOI:10.2106/JBJS.24.00850

Int Orthop. 2025 Apr 2. doi: 10.1007/s00264-025-06509-0. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Pelvic ring and acetabular fractures pose significant morbidity and mortality risks due to substantial haemorrhage and internal organ injury. Many percutaneous reduction techniques involve manipulating the injured side while stabilizing the uninjured side, often requiring specific or costly equipment. This article presents a technique for creating a pelvic reduction frame using a standard external fixator.

METHOD: We included surgical pelvic ring fractures between 2018 and 2022. Pelvic reduction was achieved using an external fixator (Hoffmann III, Stryker Corporation, Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA). Reduction quality was assessed according to the technique described by Lefaivre et al., based on the following criteria: mean asymmetry (mm), mean deformity index (mm), and mean maximum horizontal or vertical displacement (mm).

RESULTS: 15 patients (10 men, 5 women, mean age 35 years) underwent surgical treatment for pelvic fractures using an external fixator and percutaneous fixation. Mean operative time was 130 min (range, 80-276). Postoperative imaging showed a mean maximum displacement of 5.4 mm and a mean asymmetry of 3.7 mm, with excellent or good reductions in 11 cases.

CONCLUSION: This system uses widely available equipment and enables the benefits of percutaneous techniques, but surgical expertise remains the key to success.

PMID:40172657 | DOI:10.1007/s00264-025-06509-0

SICOT J. 2025;11:22. doi: 10.1051/sicotj/2025016. Epub 2025 Apr 1.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH) is the most common congenital musculoskeletal disease of the infantile age. The gold standard for early diagnosis of the disease is the Graf ultrasound method. In our study, we examined the correlation between age of the examined infant and diagnostic errors due to the ultrasound probe tilt effect during examination.

METHODS: Forty-two newborns who underwent ultrasound examination with the Graf method, were included. We categorized the neonates into three age groups (Group#1: 0-1 weeks, Group#2: 3-4 weeks, Group#3: 5-6weeks). Two ultrasound examinations were performed in every group. In the first examination, images were obtained with the probe in vertical position. In the second examination, images were taken with a 10° caudocranial tilt of the probe. Our aim was to measure the α angle in both examination and to mention the possible Type changes according to the Graf classification. The α angle defines the osseous coverage of the femoral head from the acetabulum in the neonatal hip joint.

RESULTS: In many cases, the classification changed from type I to type IIa or D and from type IIa to D, when instead of the vertical acquisition, the ultrasound probe was placed in a 10° caudocranial tilt at the hip joint of the examined infant. At Group#1 of the study we observed 60 Graf classification Type changes (90.91%), while in Group#2 and Group#3 we had 18 (33.33%) and 3 (7.96%) Type changes respectively.

CONCLUSION: As the age of the examined newborns increases, measurement and classification errors due to the tilt effect are significantly reduced. Clinically, the examination will be even more accurate and the use of an incorrect therapeutic approach due to incorrect classification will be avoided. Finally, the optimal time for conducting an ultrasonographic examination is between the 5th and 6th week of life.

PMID:40168551 | PMC:PMC11961070 | DOI:10.1051/sicotj/2025016

EFORT Open Rev. 2025 Apr 1;10(4):203-212. doi: 10.1530/EOR-2024-0083.

ABSTRACT

Focal cartilage lesions refer to localized damage or defects in the cartilage covering joint surfaces, often resulting from trauma, wear and tear or underlying joint conditions. These lesions can lead to pain, impaired joint function and, if left untreated, may contribute to the development of degenerative joint diseases. Challenges in treatment of focal cartilage lesion are mainly due to limited intrinsic healing capacity, difficulty in early detection of lesions and variability in symptoms make timely intervention tricky. Conservative treatments varies from addressing symptoms using physical therapy, corticosteroid injections and viscosupplementation, to regenerative attempts such as in platelet-rich plasma and mesenchymal stem cells therapy. These modalities provide a limited duration of improvement and are commonly used to delay more aggressive treatment. Traditional surgery options are mainly summed up by microfractures (MFX) for smaller lesions, osteochondral autograft transfer, osteochondral allograft transfer (OCA) and autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis for moderate-to-large lesions. Cellular approaches encompass autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI), which involve targeted transplantation of chondrocytes. Current research is concentrating on cell-based surgical approaches utilizing advanced biomaterials for both scaffold and scaffold-free implants. While gene therapy and tissue engineering approaches aim to optimize chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation for improved quality of the transplanted biomaterial and patient's outcomes.

PMID:40167465 | DOI:10.1530/EOR-2024-0083

EFORT Open Rev. 2025 Apr 1;10(4):172-185. doi: 10.1530/EOR-2024-0088.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated validity and test-retest reliability of inertial measurement units (IMUs) in gait metrics, static balance and functional mobility performance in community-dwelling older adults.

METHODS: Spatiotemporal/biomechanical outcomes were meta-analyzed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) or Pearson correlation coefficients (r) for validity and reliability, respectively.

RESULTS: In our systematic review of 56 articles and meta-analysis of 38 articles, the included studies varied in quality from low-to-moderate. During validity analysis, IMU-derived metrics, including walking speed, cadence, step/stride time, step time variability, step/stride length and duration of sit-to-stand (STS) test/timed up, and go test (TUGT) exhibited excellent (ICCs) or good-to-excellent (r values) agreement with gold standards. In terms of reliability, excellent test-retest consistency was found for walking speed, cadence, step/stride time, stance/swing time, step/stride length during gait, individual STS duration, TUGT duration and walking speed during the 6-min walk test.

CONCLUSIONS: Due to consistently high levels of validity and reliability, the present study supported the use of IMUs for measuring gait spatiotemporal outcomes. However, caution was advised when applying spatiotemporal variability and symmetry metrics. In addition, characterized by moderate-to-good validity and reliability, current review provides evidence of a neutral nature regarding the utilization of IMUs for static balance and functional mobility performance.

PMID:40167464 | DOI:10.1530/EOR-2024-0088

EFORT Open Rev. 2025 Apr 1;10(4):193-202. doi: 10.1530/EOR-24-0097. Print 2025 Apr 1.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To provide a comprehensive, systematic review on the relationship and effects of smoking on clinical outcomes after meniscus surgery.

METHODS: The following combination of keywords was entered into the electronic search engines: meniscus, meniscus repairs, meniscectomy, meniscal tear, meniscus excision AND (smoke OR smoking OR nicotine OR tobacco). The year of the study, country, type of study, number of subjects, medial/lateral/both menisci, body mass index, smoking status, mean age, gender, follow-up, type/pattern of injury, surgical implications and clinical outcomes were recorded.

RESULTS: A total of 23 studies published in 2013-2024 were included in the analysis. In ten studies, the meniscus injury was associated with an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear. In four studies, the effect of smoking on meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT) was investigated. The neutral effect of smoking on meniscus surgery was revealed in nine studies, and only one of them focused on isolated meniscus pathology and surgery. The negative effect of smoking on meniscus surgery was shown in ten papers, with four papers focused on isolated meniscus tears and six papers presenting data with concurrent ACL reconstructions.

CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review found that the results regarding the impact of smoking on meniscus repair outcomes were conflicting. Nevertheless, MAT and meniscus repair performed in the presence of concurrent ligamentous injury, both being demanding surgical procedures, require reduction of factors that may contribute to failure. Therefore, cessation of smoking in patients undergoing these procedures is highly advised.

PMID:40167455 | DOI:10.1530/EOR-24-0097